AP Physics Exam FRQ Analysis

By Marc Reif, looking at 2025-2026 released exams and scoring guidelines

FRQ 1   Mathematical Routines (MR) 10 pts
Likely Commands
P1/P2CM/CE
A. i. Create a representation
Points A1- A2
Multistep Derivation
Points A1-A3
OR
Create a representation 
Points A1- A2
A ii. Multistep Derivation
Points A3, A4
Multistep Derivation or Determine
Points  A4-A5
A iii.(optional)Multistep Derivation OR Create
Points A5-A7
Create
Points A6-A7
B i.Indicate
Point B1
Justify Points B2-B3
Multistep Derivation
Points B1-B3
FRQ 2   Translation Between Representations (TBR) 12 pts
P1/P2CM/CE
ACreate a representation
Points A1- A4
Create a representation 
Points A1- A4
Multistep Derivation
Points B1-B3
Multistep Derivation
Points B1-B3
CSketch a graph(s)
Points C1-C3
Sketch a graph(s)
Points C1-C3
DIndicate
Points D1-D2
Indicate 
Points D1-D2
FRQ 3   Experimental Design and Analysis (LAB) 10 pts
Greg Jacobs’ Blog Post
P1/P2CM/CE
A i.Indicate appropriate measured quantities
Point A1
Indicate appropriate measured quantities
Point A1
A ii. Describe method that reduces uncertainty
Point A2
Describe method that reduces uncertainty
Point A2
B i. Indicate quantities to graph to create linear graph
Point B1
Indicate quantities to graph to create linear graph
Point B1
B ii. Describe relationship of best-fit to points to physical quantity
Point B2
Describe relationship of best-fit to points to physical quantity
Point B2
C i. Students are given data table
Indicate how to plot given data linearly
Point C1
Students are given data table
Indicate how to plot given data linearly
Point C1
C ii. Label Axes of graph and indicate units
Point C2
Plot graph
Point C3
Label Axes of graph and indicate units
Point C2
Plot graph
Point C3
C iii. Draw best-fit linePoint C4Draw best-fit linePoint C4
DCorrectly relate slope of best-fit line to physical quantity
Point D1
Using slope of best-fit line, calculate numerical value of physical quantity
Point D2
Correctly relate slope of best-fit line to physical quantity
Point D1
Using slope of best-fit line, calculate numerical value of physical quantity
Point D2
FRQ 4  Quantitative-Qualitative Translation (QQT) 8 pts
P1/P2CM/CE
Indicate comparison of two quantities (typically <, =, >)
Point A1
Justify your response
Points A2-A3
Indicate comparison of two quantities (typically <, =, >)
Point A1
Justify your response
Points A2-A3
BMultistep Derivation
Points B1-B3
Multistep Derivation
Points B1-B3
CIndicate comparison of two quantities (typically <, =, >)
Point C1
Compare functional dependence of your derived equation in B to your answer for point C1
Point C2
Indicate comparison of two quantities (typically <, =, >)
Point C1
Compare functional dependence of your derived equation in B to your answer for point C1
Point C2
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AP Course Audit SNAFU 2026

Apparently, the College Board decided to reset all the “Active AP Administrators” in the country at once. When you log in to the AP Course Audit website, the designation of AP Administrator is blank. Notice was apparently sent in February, but it didn’t go to teachers. A code was sent to HS Principals in April (I think), NOT to the current AP Administrators. New people won’t be able to access the Audit and courses cannot be renewed until the principal opens the email and sends the access code to the AP Administrator. This took about a week to straighten out in my district. If you don’t see an AP Administrator when you log in to the audit, contact both your principal and the AP Administrator and find out where that email is ASAP.

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Recruiting for Physics

Believe it or not, it’s time to recruit students for next year! I’ve visited two classes this week (AP Biology and Precalculus).

Here is a link to some recruiting posters I have made. You can view them if you are added to my Google Drive.

Dean Baird’s “Take Phyz” posters

Put these up in the halls and the right students will likely stop and look at them.

Here is a page I made to describe the differences between the physics courses we offer. I sent this to all science teachers and later I will send it to all teachers at my school.

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Marc Reif 2026 APSI Schedule

In 2026, will be presenting the following APSIs (links to be added when available)

AP PHYSICS 1 IN-PERSON @ Woodward Academy

Monday, 1 June to Thursday, 4 June

Woodward Academy (Google Maps link to workshop location)
College Park, GA (Atlanta area)

AP PHYSICS C MECHANICS ONLINE
Tuesday, 15 June to Friday 18 June

Hosted by Walton High School

AP PHYSICS C COMBINED ONLINE (Mechanics; Electricity and Magnetism)

Monday, 22 June to Thursday 25 June

AP PHYSICS 1 FOR NEW TEACHERS IN-PERSON

Tuesday, 14 July to Friday, 17 July at Rice University

Houston, Texas (Google Maps Link to Workshop Location)

AP PHYSICS 2 ONLINE

Monday, 22 July to Thursday, 25 July

hosted by Texas Christian University

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Tips on Using Desmos (and other graphing programs)

These are roughly arranged in order of ease of use. Avoid Google Sheets if you want ease of use. 2025 Update: AP Classroom and Bluebook for AP Physics and math exams now has Desmos.com built in, so that makes it the first choice for AP Classes. 

Desmos (Desmos.com)

  • Create a free account, it allows you to save and access your graphs on any device with a connected internet browser. 
  • Android and iOS apps are free
  • There is an extensive library of simulations at teacher.desmos.com – you can copy them into your account and easily find them or modify them if necessary
  • graph functions using math notation (number the variables if you are graphing more than one function y1, y2, etc. or use different variables, for example type a =5x+3, then a-3 will graph the line without the intercept
  • Click on the circle to turn off a graph. Note that typing “m” and “b” give suggestion to insert a slider, or you can just type a numerical value for slope and intercept
  • Click the plus sign and select table to graph data
  • Label variables with a specific name (x1, not x) and type in values, graph is constructed automatically
  • Process data by typing the variable name at the top of the table with the mathematical operation “squared” or a sum, for instance. 
  • Use the tilde (~) to get a best-fit (this is no longer necessary, after graphing data from a table a regressions function will display)
  • Click the wrench to format the graph (including adding labels): 
  • Click the export arrow to get a link to the graph or to save it as an image (this is not available in the AP Classroom version)

nplot

Go to Noragulfa.com/nplot (or click the link in the heading above).  This one is so simple. It’s my current favorite. The screen looks like the one below. Just read the instructions and do those things and it works flawlessly. Thanks Geoff Nunes!

Quick Graph 5.0

Go to: https://thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Tools/Graphing/.  It looks like this:

Super easy, just click on the buttons on the lower right. 

Vernier Graphical Analysis 4

  • This is a free app (you pay for more features, if needed). Download the standalone version for Windows or Mac. Use the Chrome web app for Chromebook, there are also apps for iOS and Android
  • When you open it, you are given options to collect data, or just enter data manually
  • Create an account and use Fayetteville HS as your school to download Logger Pro (only for computers, not Chromebook)
  • When a sensor (such as a motion detector), a LabQuest, and Chromebook are properly connected, you will have a “Collect” button on your screen in Graphical Analysis. The “Sensor Setup” button allows you to “Zero” or “Reverse” the sensor, if needed.
  • Save the data using the “file-name” button located  at the top left of your screen. (always save a Graphical Analysis file with a descriptive name in your Google Drive).
  • Put a curve fit on a graph using the button on the lower left and “Apply Curve Fit” command.  
  • Change the view so it just shows one graph, using the button on the upper right. Export your graph using the “file-name” button (top left). 
  • Use control-c to copy and control-v to paste graphs into a document at any time 
  • You can change graph options easily by clicking on and selecting “Graph Options”
  • Additional options and help are available at the top right
  • Click on the three dots on your data table to change the name of a data column or add additional data sets

you can also access options for a column of data by clicking the three dots

Google Sheets

  • Enter data with a label and units at the top
  • The horizontal axis variable must be on the left for the graph to format correctly automatically. There must be nothing other than numbers in the data cells, or the graph will not format correctly. 
  • Select all data and the labels
  • Click “Insert” and select “Chart”
  • Select the chart type you want (note that mine has remembered that I always prefer “scatter plot” and has chosen it for me)
  • If the graph doesn’t look right, scroll down and make sure these two options are selected (the first thing to check if the graph does not format correctly):
  • Click on “Customize” if the default graph options don’t suit you:
  • Click on a data point (on the actual dot on the graph) and the control panel changes:
  • Scroll down and select “ Trendline”
  • Use the dropdown to select the type of function you want to be your “trendline”
  • Scroll down and click “Label” and change it to “Use Equation” and select “Show R^2” to see statistics
  • Note that Error Bars can be added if desired
  • Use the “=” symbol and cell references to enter a formula to manipulate data
  • Click on the square and drag it down to fill the formula in adjacent cells
  • You can also automatically do averages (again, scroll down to fill the formula in all the cells)
  • Click on your graph at any time and use control-c to copy and control-v to paste. Screenshots can be taken on a Chromebook using”control-window switcher” 
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Marc Reif 2025 APSI Schedule

I will be presenting the following APSIs:

AP PHYSICS 1 IN-PERSON @ Woodward Academy

Monday, 2 June to Thursday, 5 June

Woodward Academy (Google Maps link to workshop location)
College Park, GA (Atlanta area)

AP Physics 1 ONLINE
Monday, 9 June to Thursday, 12 June

AP PHYSICS C COMBINED (Mechanics/E&M) ONLINE

Tuesday, 17 June to Friday 20 June

Hosted by Walton High School

AP PHYSICS C MECHANICS ONLINE

Monday, 23 June to Thursday 26 June

AP PHYSICS 1 FOR NEW TEACHERS IN-PERSON

Tuesday, 8 July to Friday, 11 July at Rice University

Houston, Texas (Google Maps Link to Workshop Location)

AP Physics 2 ONLINE hosted by Texas Christian University

Monday, 21 July to Thursday, 24 July

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2024 AP Physics Exam Results

Shared by @AP_Trevor on X.com (Trevor Packer, VP for AP at College Board)

AP C Mechanics

AP Physics C E&M

AP Physics 1

AP Physics 2

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Marc Reif AP Summer Institute Schedule 2024

I will be presenting the following APSIs:

AP PHYSICS 1 IN-PERSON @ Woodward Academy

Monday, 3 June to Thursday, 6 June

Woodward Academy (Google Maps link to workshop location)
College Park, GA (Atlanta area)

AP PHYSICS C COMBINED (Mechanics/E&M) ONLINE
Tuesday, 18 June to Friday 21 June

Hosted by Walton High School

AP PHYSICS C MECHANICS ONLINE

Monday, 24 June to Thursday 27 June

AP PHYSICS 1 FOR NEW TEACHERS IN-PERSON

Tuesday, 9 July to Friday, 12 July at Rice University

Houston, Texas (Google Maps Link to Workshop Location)

AP PHYSICS C COMBINED IN-PERSON
Tuesday, July 16 to Friday, July 19

University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (Google Maps Link to Workshop Location)

AP Physics 2 ONLINE hosted by Texas Christian University

Monday, 22 July to Thursday, 25 July

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New SBG Rubric from New Science Practices for AP Physics 1/2

I took the new Science Practices from the College Board’s Draft Course and Exam Description for AP Physics 1 and 2, and turned them in to a draft of a rubric for assessing work in a Standards-Based Grading environment. The changes to AP Physics take place for the 2024-2025 school year. In the 2023-2024 school year, there are no changes to the AP Physics CEDs. I am just trying to get ahead!

This Draft CED has since been taken off of the CB website, so I can’t link to it. But look for emails and announcements with the final new CED, or at least a revised new CED to be released in the fall of 2024 for the 2025 first Exam date.

Previously I used content-based learning standards and created a rubric for each assignment, using a set scale, like “Mastery-Proficient-Developing-Beginning-No Evidence” or “Meets Standard-Approaches Standard-Doesn’t Meet Standard.” This meant that I was often using a mental checklist of what met the standard, since I didn’t always have time to write up a Google Doc with specific criteria for every assignment. I can see where this rubric might make things easier. The standards could be the same for every unit. The standards would be repeated every unit, and become familiar to the students, so the AP Skills will become familiar. I just need to tell the students when they will be assessed on each skill.

The new Rubric is below. The idea is to tell students the codes they would be working on during each assignment, and each assessment. I need to look to see what other teachers have done in a similar vein. Most of what I have seen is learning standards that is solely content-based. Maybe this won’t work? Please share your thoughts. If nothing else, I’m pretty sure I can use this for assessing lab skills.

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Marc Reif’s Summer 2023 AP Summer Institute Schedule

In-Person: Woodward Academy, AP Physics 1, June 5-8, Atlanta, Georgia

In-Person: Midwest APSI, AP Physics C Mechanics; Electricity & Magnetism, June 11-15, Olathe, Kansas

Online: AP Physics C Mechanics, Event 1 June 20-23 (Hosted by Walton High School, Marietta, Georgia)

Online: AP Physics C Mechanics; Electricity & Magnetism, Event 2 June 26-29 (Hosted by Walton High School, Marietta, Georgia)

Online: AP Physics 2, Week 2 July 11-14 (Hosted by William and Mary School of Education, Williamsburg, Virginia)

Online: AP Physics 1 for New Teachers, Week 2 July 17-21 (Hosted by Rice University, Houston, Texas)

Online: AP Physics 2, July 24-27 (Hosted by Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas)

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